SSL makes your website secure...

I was developing website for a company and found 3 easy steps to implement SSL on Tomcat. Just follow these three steps and make your website secure.
1. Generating the Keystore file
2. Configuring Tomcat for using the Keystore file
3. Configuring your web application to work with SSL

1. Generating the KeyStore file

The keystore file is the one which would store the details of the certificates necessary to make the protocol secured. Certificates contain the information as to who is the source from which you are receiving the application data and to authenticate whether it is the intended party or not. To make this keystore you would have to use the keytool. So open command prompt in Windows or the shell in Linux and type:

cd %JAVA_HOME%/bin on Windows

cd $JAVA_HOME/bin on Linux

You would land up in the Java bin directory. Now time to run the keytool command. You have to provide some parameters to the command as follows :

keytool -genkey -alias ranjeet -keypass ranjeet -keystore ranjeet.bin -storepass ranjeet

Keep one thing in mind that both the keypass and storepass passwords should be the same. The .bin file is actually your keystore file. It would now start a questionnaire. So fill in the relevant details accordingly. Look below for a reference as to what to answer for the questions.

What is your first and last name?
[Unknown]: ranjeet vimal
What is the name of your organizational unit?
[Unknown]: home
What is the name of your organization?
[Unknown]: get-i-news
What is the name of your City or Locality?
[Unknown]: mumbai
What is the name of your State or Province?
[Unknown]: maharashtra
What is the two-letter country code for this unit?
[Unknown]: IN
Is CN=ranjeet vimal, OU=home, O=get-i-news, L=mumbai, ST=maharashtra, C=IN correct?
[no]: yes

The command would then conclude. It would make a .bin file with the name you had provided inside the bin directory itself.

C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_02\bin\

Put the .bin file in the webapps directory of Tomcat. This is required to avoid the need to give an absolute path of the file in the next step.

2. Configuring Tomcat for using the Keystore file

Here we would be making some changes to the server.xml file inside tomcat to tell it to use the keystore which was created in the earlier step for configuring SSL. Open the file server.xml which can be found as:

/conf/server.xml

Now you have to modify it. Find the Connector element which has port=”8443″ and uncomment it if already not done. Add two lines. The highlighted lines are the newly added ones.

maxThreads=”150″ minSpareThreads=”25″ maxSpareThreads=”75″
enableLookups=”true” disableUploadTimeout=”true”
acceptCount=”100″ debug=”0″ scheme=”https” secure=”true”
clientAuth=”false” sslProtocol=”TLS”
keystoreFile=”../webapps/techtracer.bin”
keystorePass=”ttadmin” />

You can notice that I have given the path to the keystoreFile property as relative to tomcat bin directory because the startup command will look for the .bin file. Now all you have to do is start your server and check the working of SSL by pointing your browser to the URL to:

https://localhost:8443/

Now that you have your tomcat running in the SSL mode you are ready to deploy an application to test its working. You must note that still your tomcat can run in normal mode too at the same time i.e on port 8080 with http. So it is but obvious that any application deployed to the server will be running on http and https at the same time. This is something that we don’t want. We want our application to run only in the secured mode.

3. Configuring your web application to work with SSL

In order to do this for our test, take any application which has already been deployed successfully in Tomcat and first access it through http and https to see if it works fine. If yes, then open the web.xml of that application and just add this XML fragment before web-app ends i.e

<security-constraint>


<web-resource-collection>

<web-resource-name>securedapp</web-resource-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</web-resource-collection>

<user-data-constraint>

<transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>


</user-data-constraint>

</security-constraint>

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